Introduction of Language

Introduction of Language

Man exchanges thoughts and emotion with each other on the basis of need. It means that we, human beings, talk among us just for communicating.

What is told for exchanging thoughts and emotions of our own is the collection or summation of some sound. Based on the total sounds that are produced for communicating is called language.

Why is animal’s sound not language?

But except human being, no animal can talk but they produce some meaningless full sound. 

They are as follows:

SL	Animals	Sounds
1	Cow produces	“Humba Humba”
2	Crow produces	“Kaka”
3	Cook produces	“KurKur”
4	Cuckoo produces	“Kuhu Kuhu”

These don’t make any meaning to human beings. That’s why others animal sounds that are produced for communication among themselves is not language.

 Definition of Language:
The sound which is used to express a sense for communication is called a language.

In another way, we can say the language definition:
Language is an art of expressing the meaningful thought of mind.

Definition of language by different scholars:
Here in the below is given the definition of language by different scholars;

Definition of language by Noam  Chomsky:
“Language is a set (finite or infinite) of sentences, each finite in length, and constructed out of a finite set of elements’. Noam Chomsky, Syntactic Structures (1957: 13)

Definition of language by  Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary:
“Language is the system of communication in speech and writing that is used by people of a particular country: The Japanese language”

Notes of Language:

1. There are many people in the world. There are many languages available in the world. 
2. The people of Bangladesh speak a language which is called Bengali Language.
3. Such as the China People speak in Chinese language and The people of Japan speak in Japanese language

Mother Language/Mother Tongue:
Define mother tongue is  in the below
Human beings learns a language from her or his mother. The language which is learnt from his or her mother by the human beings is called mother language. Every nation of the world speak on his or her own mother tongue.

Example of mother tongue

1. The mother tongue of Bangladesh is Bengali
2. The mother tongue of India is Hindi 
3. The mother tongue of Pakistan is Urdu

Introduction National Language/State Language:
National language means state language. Each country has a state language.

Definition of  National Language/State Language:
The language which is permitted and approved by the government of that country is called National Language/State Language.

Here in the below there are some National Languages/State Languages as follows:

SL	Country	National Language/ State language
1	Bangladesh	Bengali
2	India	Hindi
3	USA/UK	English
4	Saudi Arabia	Arabic
5	China	Chinese
6	Pakistan	Urdu

Introduction of English Language:
The people of Great Britain is called English man. So the language which is used by them is called English Language.

Definition of English Language
The people who speak in English for expressing his or her sense of mind for talking and for writing is called English Language. 

Exercises on languages:

1.     What is a language?
2.       What is the name of your language?
3.       Name five languages of the word?
4.       How many languages are in use in the world?
5.       What is mother tongue?
6.       What is international Language?

Top 20 of the most widely spoken languages by “First language” speakers (2009)

Rank	Language	Primary Country	Number of total countries where the language is spoken	Speakers (millions)
1	Chinese	China	31	1,213
2	Spanish	Spain	44	329
3	English	United Kingdom	112	328
4	Arabic	Saudi Arabia	57	221
5	Hindi	India	20	182
6	Bengali	Bangladesh	10	181
7	Portuguese	Portugal	37	178
8	Russian	Russian Federation	33	144
9	Japanese	Japan	25	122
10	German, Standard	Germany	43	90.3
11	Javanese	Indonesia	5	84.6
12	Lahnda	Pakistan	8	78.3
13	Telugu	India	10	69.8
14	Vietnamese	Viet Nam	23	68.6
15	Marathi	India	5	68.1
16	French	France	60	67.8
17	Korean	Korea	33	66.3
18	Tamil	India	17	65.7
19	Italian	Italy	34	61.7
20	Urdu	Pakistan	23	60.6